USA[1]

• Mitigation: reduction in emissions of major emitters
• Transparency: UN oversight to be sure countries fulfill pledges
• Monetary assistance for less-developed countries

China[2]

• Negotiators will do a better job reaching a deal than heads of state (learned from Copenhagen 2009)
• Would limit warming to 2C or less
• Encouraging mobilization of $100 billion from developed countries to help less-developed countries adapt
• Pushing climate deals involving technological innovation, cooperation and transfer
• Green development and broad participation

Japan[3]

• Primarily concerned that economy not be hindered
• Wants to keep using coal to fuel growth

Alliance of Small Island States[4]

• Would limit warming to 1.5C
• Wants to leave with an agreement on loss and damage due to climate change (e.g. coral bleaching for nations that depend on reefs for breaking waves and tourism)
• Wants transparency, to ensure all countries fulfill pledge
• Focusing on adaptation, especially for sea-level rise

UK[5]

• Needs economically sustainable option to regain popular support for pledge

India [6]

• wants technical support to expand use of solar
• transparency, to ensure that everyone meets their pledge
• Strong decrease in emissions from top polluters (e.g. US, UK)

Latin America[7]

• Wants pledge that will limit global warming to 1.5~2C
• Desires technological and financial support from more-developed countries
• Focusing on adaptation within Latin America
• Trying to attract clean energy investment: needs support from private sector

Zimbabwe[8]

• Justice: asks developed countries to fund adaptation for less-developed countries at risk of being strongly impacted by climate change.
• Cannot and will not assume more monetary obligation

 

[1] Todd Stern, Chief US Climate Envoy, on climatechangenews.com

[2] Xie Zhenghua, China’s top climate change negotiator, 23 November 2015: http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/11/23/uk-climatechange-china-idUKKBN0TC0Y020151123

Xi Jinping, President of China, 30 November 2015:

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/30/cop21-live-world-leaders-pledge-climate-action/

[3] http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/07/17/japan-submits-26-emissions-reduction-target-to-un/

[4] http://aosis.org/small-islands-co-chairs-text-fall-short-in-bonn/

[5] http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/25/uk-axes-1bn-carbon-capture-fund-in-blow-to-green-credentials/

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/24/uk-climate-diplomats-face-axe-after-cop21-paris-summit/

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/10/05/conservative-uk-climate-chief-defends-green-cuts/

[6] http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/24/solar-v-coal-can-india-shift-from-fossils-to-sunbeams-fast-enough/

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/10/15/india-ex-climate-minister-lays-out-minimums-for-paris-deal/

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/10/07/india-poised-to-overachieve-cautious-emissions-target/

[7] 29 November, 2015:

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/28/latin-american-leadership-critical-to-securing-a-paris-climate-pact/

[8] Robert Mugabe, president of Zimbabwe, 30 November 2015.

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2015/11/30/cop21-live-world-leaders-pledge-climate-action/